Albert Einstein

 Born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm and died on April 18th, 1955 at Princeton, he revolutionized physics, of the German Empire. Jewish, Einstein joined a Catholic school. He pointed to it as a student shy (because of speech problems) but with large capacities for mathematics. 

 He Studies in Switzerland and he got the Swiss citizenship in 1901 and especially within

the Polytechnic of Zurich, he developed a passion for physics. Largely self-taught, showing little motivation for school routine, he leads a precarious existence at the turn of the century. 

 He married his former comrade Serbian collaborator Mileva Maric with whom he has three children.

 Einstein's theories relate both to the nature of particles (including light) but also on

Universal mechanics, which earned him gradually break with Newtonian physics.

Innovative theses Swiss physicist eventually win the support of the greatest scholars of the time,

as Max Planck who invite him to teach at Berlin. 

 It was during his stay in Germany during the Great War that Einstein developed his theory of gravitation that we accept as the general relativity. This theory confirmed by a 1919 dice experiment opens up new prospects for physicists and questions foundations of the relationship of man to the universe.

The Theory of Relativity:

 To describe the movement of an object, it needs a reference system, that is to say, an object relative to which we will describe the spatial evolution of another. The principle of relativity is valid only in special reference systems called "Galilean referential." They are still or animated repositories of a straight line movement and which is at the constant speed.

Light travels without any material support (the theory of the existence of the ether is abandoned). It does not need air as sound, for example, to spread.

Light travels at a constant speed called "Speed" with a value

c = 300,000 km / s. No other gear is larger than the latter.

The concept of contraction of time is advanced more we will quickly, less time passes quickly. Time and length are elastic.

The Famous Formula E = mc2:

 This equation relates energy (E) and mass (m) through the value of the speed of light (c). The mass of an object varies depending on its speed. Einstein showed that when the speed of an object approaches the limit value of 300 000 km / s, mass approaches infinity. Clearly, no one can reach this speed since no one has an infinite mass and energy. The only solution: to be a photon whose mass is zero.